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Biomarkers A–Z

ALAT

Find out all about ALAT blood levels: what is normal, too high or too low? Read on and get insights into your ALAT results and health.

Albumin

Albumin is the most important transport protein in your blood and a crucial indicator of both your nutritional status and the functioning of your liver and kidneys.

ALP

Find out all about ALP blood levels: what is normal, too high or too low? Read on to understand your ALP results and health.

AST

AST is an important liver enzyme released during damage to the liver or muscle tissue; measure your levels via a blood test for a clear insight into your vital health.

Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a common bacterial infection that often goes unnoticed; discover what a positive or negative result means for your health and which steps are necessary for recovery.

Cortisol (saliva)

Explore all about cortisol in saliva: find out what normal, too high or too low levels mean for your health.

Creatinine

Understand the definition of creatinine, its function, and what normal values indicate about your kidney health.

CYP1A2

This text explains how the CYP1A2 gene influences the metabolism of antipsychotics and antidepressants, and how external factors such as smoking and diet can enhance or diminish this effect.

CYP2B6

Discover how your CYP2B6 gene affects the breakdown of medications such as antidepressants and chemotherapy, so you can determine the safest dosage together with your doctor.

CYP2C9

CYP2C19 is an essential liver enzyme that determines how efficiently your body activates or breaks down medications such as blood thinners, proton pump inhibitors (acid reducers), and antidepressants.

CYP2C9

The CYP2C9 test maps your genetic predisposition for processing blood thinners, NSAID painkillers, and blood pressure medications, so that you and your doctor can prevent serious side effects such as bleeding.

CYP2D6

The CYP2D6 test reveals how your DNA determines the effectiveness and side effects of 25% of all medications, so you can work with your doctor to tailor the dosage precisely to your unique metabolism.

CYP3A4

This text explains the crucial role of the CYP3A4 gene in drug metabolism and how pharmacogenetic testing helps determine the correct dosage and prevent side effects.

CYP3A5

CYP3A5 is a genetically determined enzyme in the liver that is crucial for the rate at which specific medications, such as immunosuppressants and chemotherapy, are broken down and cleared from the body.

eGFR

Understand the definition of eGFR, normal, abnormal, and low values by age group.

Erythrocytes

Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, are essential for transporting oxygen in the body. Discover their value range and importance for your health.

Ferritin

Understand the definition of ferritin, normal, abnormal, and low levels, and its relationship to iron in the body.

fT4

Find out what normal, low and high fT4 levels mean for your health, the possible consequences of abnormal thyroid function, and how to get your fT4 status measured.

GGT

Explore all about GGT blood levels: what is normal, too high or too low? Read more.

Glucose (Urine)

Explore everything about glucose (sugar) in urine: learn what normal, high, or low values mean for your health.

HbA1c

Discover everything about HbA1c blood levels: learn what is considered normal, too high, or too low.

Hematocrit

Hematocrit, the percentage of red blood cells in the blood, is essential for oxygen transport in the body. Discover the normal value and its importance for your health.

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen, is essential for oxygen transport in the body. Discover the normal value and its importance for your health.

Iron

Discover what normal, low, and high iron levels mean for your health, the consequences of a deficiency or excess, and how you can measure your iron status.

LDL-cholesterol

Find out all about LDL cholesterol: learn what normal, too high or too low levels say about your health.

Leukocytes

Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, are essential for the body's immune system. Discover the normal value and importance for your health.

MCH

MCH, the average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell, is essential for oxygen transport in the body. Discover the normal value.

MCHC

MCHC, the average hemoglobin concentration in red blood cells, is essential for oxygen transport in the body. Discover the normal value and its importance for your health.

MCV

MCV, the average volume of red blood cells, is essential for the proper functioning of the blood. Discover the normal value and its importance for your health.

TC/HDL

The TC/HDL ratio is a crucial indicator of your heart health; this balance between your total cholesterol and 'good' HDL cholesterol predicts the risk of cardiovascular disease more accurately than cholesterol levels alone.

Thrombocytes

Thrombocytes, also known as platelets, are essential for blood clotting and wound healing. Discover the normal value and importance for your health.

Total Cholesterol

Find out all about total cholesterol: understand what normal, elevated or decreased levels mean for your health

Transferrin

Discover the normal, high, and low values of transferrin in your blood and what they mean for your iron levels, health, and possible conditions.

Transferrin saturation

Discover what normal, low, and high iron levels mean for your health, the consequences of a deficiency or excess, and how you can measure your iron status.

TSH

Find out what normal, low and high TSH levels mean for your health, the possible consequences of abnormal thyroid function, and how to have your TSH status measured.
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