For which medications is the test applicable?
Below is an overview of medications for which pharmacogenetic testing may be relevant. If your medication is on this list, it may be useful to discuss whether a pharmacogenetic test would be beneficial. This test can help to better predict the effects and side effects of your medication based on your DNA profile. If in doubt, please contact your doctor or pharmacist.
For all medications in red, there is also advice from the KNMP [1] available that describes dosage adjustments or other recommendations based on your pharmacogenetic profile. This advice helps to optimize medication safety and effectiveness.
Substance nameBrand nameIndication
A
Abrocitinib Cibinqo Moderate to severe constitutional eczema
Acenocoumarol Sintrom Anticoagulant, prevention and treatment of thrombosis and embolism
Agomelatine Valdoxan Treatment of depression
Alfentanil Alfentanil Pain relief during anesthesia
Allopurinol Zyloric, Apurin Gout treatment, prevention of uric acid stones, enzyme disorders
Amphetamine (No specific brand name) Treatment of schizophrenia and psychotic disorders
Amifampridine Firdapse Treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS)
Amifampridine phosphate (Possibly the same as amifampridine) Treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS)
Amitriptyline Sarotex, Tryptizol Treatment of depression and neuropathic pain
Amoxapine Asendin Treatment of insomnia
Arformoterol Brovana Treatment of COPD
Aripiprazole Abilify Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, adjunctive therapy in depression
Aripiprazole lauroxil Aristada Treatment of schizophrenia
Articaine Ubistesin, Ultracain, Septanest, Alphacaine Local anaesthesia
Ascorbic acid (Commonly known as vitamin C) Treatment and prevention of vitamin C deficiency
Atazanavir Reyataz Treatment of HIV infection
AtenololTenorminHypertension, angina pectoris, post-infarction prevention
Atomoxetine Strattera Treatment of ADHD
Atorvastatin Lipitor Cholesterol-lowering agent
Avatrombopaq Doptelet Thrombocytopenia in chronic liver disease
Azathioprine Imuran Rheumatoid arthritis, transplant rejection prevention
B
Belinostat Beleodaq Treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma
Binimetinib Mektovi Treatment of metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation
BisoprololConcor, EmcorTreatment of hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure
Boceprevir Victrelis Treatment of chronic hepatitis C
Brexpiprazole Rexulti Treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder
Brivaracetam Briviact Treatment of partial seizures in epilepsy
Bupivacaine Marcaine, Naropin, Anesiva Local or regional anesthesia
Buprenorphine
Pain treatment and opioid addiction
Bupropion Wellbutrin, Zyban Treatment of depression and to aid in smoking cessation
C.
Cabotegravir Vocabria Treatment of HIV infection
Caffeine (Commonly known as caffeine) Treatment of fatigue, alertness, and sometimes headaches
Capecitabine Xeloda Treatment of colorectal cancer
Cariprazine Reagila Treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder
Carisoprodol Somadril, Carisoma Treatment of muscle pain and discomfort
Carvedilol Eucardic Treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and angina pectoris
Celecoxib Celebrex Treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute pain
Cevimeline Evoxac Treatment of symptoms of Sjögren’s syndrome
Chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine Treatment of nausea and vomiting
Chloroprocaine Nesacaine Local anesthesia
Chloroquine Nivaquine, Resochin Prevention and treatment of malaria and amoebiasis
Chlorpropamide (No specific brand name) Treatment of type 2 diabetes
Ciprofloxacin Ciproxin Treatment of various bacterial infections
Cisplatin Platinol Chemotherapy for various types of cancer
Citalopram Cipramil Treatment of depression
Clobazam Frisium Treatment of epilepsy and anxiety disorders
Clomipramine Anafranil Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Clopidogrel Plavix Antiplatelet therapy, prevention of atherothrombotic events
Clozapine Leponex, Clozaril Treatment of schizophrenia
Codeine (commonly known as codeine) Treatment of mild to moderate pain and as an antitussive
D.
Dabrafenib Tafinlar Treatment of metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E mutation
Daclatasvir Daklinza Treatment of chronic hepatitis C
Dapsone Dapson Treatment of leprosy and dermatitis herpetiformis
Darifenacin Enablex Treatment of overactive bladder
Desflurane Suprane Used for inhalation anesthesia
Desipramine Norpramin, Pertofran Treatment of depression
Desvenlafaxine Pristiq Treatment of depression
Deutetrabenazine Austedo Treatment of movement disorders in Huntington’s disease
Dexamfetamine (No specific brand name) Treatment of ADHD
Dexlansoprazole Dexilant Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Dextromethorphan (Various cough medicines) Antitussive for dry cough
Diazepam Stesolid, Diazemuls, Valium Treatment of anxiety disorders and muscle spasms
Diclofenac Voltaren, Cataflam Treatment of pain and inflammation
Digoxin Lanoxin, Digoxin Treatment of heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias
Dolutegravir Tivicay Treatment of HIV infection
Donepezil Aricept Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Doxepin Sinequan Treatment of depression and insomnia
Dronabinol Marinol Treatment of nausea during chemotherapy, appetite stimulation
Duloxetine Cymbalta Treatment of depression and generalized anxiety disorder
E
Efavirenz Sustiva, Stocrin Treatment of HIV infection
Elagolix Orilissa Treatment of endometriosis and uterine fibroids
Eliglustat Cerdelga Treatment of Gaucher disease type 1
Eltrombopag Revolade Treatment of thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Enflurane Suprane Used for inhalation anesthesia
Erdafitinib Balversa Treatment of metastatic urothelial cancer
Erlotinib Tarceva Treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma
EscitalopramLexaproTreatment of depression and generalized anxiety disorder
Esomeprazole Nexium Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Estradiol Progynova, Estrofem, Estronorm Hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms
Estriol Oestrogeel, Estriol, Gynest, Oestriol Hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms
Ethinylestradiol Stediril, Microgynon, Mercilon, and many others Contraception and hormone replacement therapy
F.
Fenprocoumon Marcoumar Treatment and prevention of thrombosis and embolism
Fentanyl
Treatment of severe pain
Phenytoin Diphantoine, Epanutin Treatment of epileptic seizures
Fesoterodine Toviaz Treatment of overactive bladder
Flecainide Tambocor Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias
Flibanserin Addyi Treatment of reduced sexual desire in premenopausal women
Flucytosine Ancotil Treatment of fungal infections
Fluorouracil Efudix, Adrucil Treatment of various cancers, including colorectal and breast
Fluoxetine Prozac, Fontex Treatment of depression
Flupentixol Fluanxol Treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
Flurbiprofen Froben, Ansaid Treatment of pain and inflammation
Flutamide Eulexin Treatment of prostate cancer
Fluvastatin Lescol Treatment of elevated cholesterol levels
Fluvoxamine Fevarin Treatment of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder
Folic acid (commonly known as folic acid) Dietary supplement for pregnant women and in cases of folic acid deficiency
Fosphenytoin Pro-Epanutin Treatment of epileptic seizures
G.
Galantamine Reminyl Treatment of symptoms of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease
Gefitinib Iressa Treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma
Glibenclamide Daonil Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Glimepiride Amaryl Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Glipizide Glibenese, Minodiab Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
H.
Haloperidol Haldol Treatment of schizophrenia and acute psychoses
Halothane Fluothane Used for inhalation anesthesia
Hydralazine Apresoline Treatment of hypertension
Hydrocodone (No specific brand name) Treatment of pain
Hydromorphone
Treatment of moderate to severe pain
Hydroxychloroquine Plaquenil Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus
I
Ibuprofen Brufen, Nurofen Pain and inflammation relief
Iloperidone Fanapt Treatment of schizophrenia
Imipramine Tofranil Treatment of depression
Indacaterol Onbrez Breezhaler Treatment of COPD
Irbesartan Aprovel, Irbesartan Treatment of hypertension and diabetic nephropathy
Irinotecan Campto Treatment of colorectal cancer
Isoflurane Forane Used for inhalation anesthesia
Isoniazid Rimifon Treatment of tuberculosis
L.
Lacosamide Vimpat Treatment of partial seizures in epilepsy
Lansoprazole Prezal, Lansoprazole Treatment of GERD
Lesinurad Zurampic Treatment of hyperuricemia in gout
Levofloxacin Tavanic Treatment of bacterial infections
Levomethadone
Treatment of opioid addiction
Lidocaine Xylocaine Local or regional anesthesia
Lisdexamfetamine Vyvanse Treatment of ADHD
Lofexidine Lucemyra Treatment of opioid withdrawal symptoms
Loratadine Claritine Treatment of allergic reactions
Lorazepam Temesta Treatment of anxiety disorders
Lornoxicam Xefo Pain and inflammation relief
Losartan Cozaar Treatment of hypertension and diabetic nephropathy
Lovastatin Mevacor, Lovastatin Treatment of elevated cholesterol levels
Lusutrombopag Mulpleta Treatment of thrombocytopenia
M.
Mafenide (No specific brand name) Treatment of bacterial infections in burns
MavacamtenCamzyosTreatment of obstructive HCM
Meclizine (No specific brand name) Treatment of dizziness and motion sickness
Meloxicam Mobic Pain and inflammation relief
Mepivacaine Scandonest Local anesthesia
Mercaptopurine Puri-Nethol Treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia
Metamuzil Dolamizol Treatment of severe pain and fever.
Methadone Symoron, Methadone Treatment of pain and opioid dependence
Methotrexate Metoject, Ledertrexate Treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases
Methoxyflurane Penthrane Inhalation anesthesia
Methylthioninium Provocholine Treatment of methemoglobinemia
Metoclopramide Primperan Treatment of GERD and gastroparesis
MetoprololSelokeen, MetoprololTreatment of hypertension and heart failure
Mirabegron Betmiga Treatment of overactive bladder
MirtazapineRemeronTreatment of depression
Mivacurium Mivacron Muscle relaxant for anesthesia
MoclobemideAurorixTreatment of depression
Modafinil Modiodal Treatment of excessive sleepiness
Morphine
Treatment of severe pain
Moxifloxacin Avelox Treatment of bacterial infections
N
Nalidixic acid NegGram Treatment of urinary tract infections
Naltrexone
Treatment of addiction
Nateglinide Starlix Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Sodium nitrite (No specific brand name) Antidote for cyanide poisoning
Nebivolol Nebilet Treatment of hypertension
Nefazodone Viramune Treatment of depression
Nevirapine Viramune Treatment of HIV infection
Nilotinib Tasigna Treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia
Nitrofurantoin Furadantin Treatment of urinary tract infections
Norfloxacin Noroxin Treatment of bacterial infections
NortriptylineNortrilenTreatment of depression
O.
OlanzapineZyprexaTreatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Oliceridine Olinvyk Treatment of acute pain
OmeprazoleLosec, OmeprazoleTreatment of GERD
Ondansetron Zofran Nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy
Oxazepam Seresta Treatment of anxiety disorders
Oxycodone OxyContin, Oxynorm Treatment of pain
P.
Paliperidone Invega Treatment of schizophrenia
Palonosetron Aloxi Prevention of postoperative nausea
Pantoprazole Pantozol Treatment of GERD
Paroxetine Seroxat Treatment of depression and anxiety disorders
Pazopanib Votrient Treatment of renal cell carcinoma
Peginterferon alfa-2a Pegasys Chronic hepatitis C
Peginterferon alfa-2b Pegintron Chronic hepatitis C
Pegloticase Krystexxa Treatment of refractory gout
Perphenazine Trilafon Treatment of schizophrenia
Pimozide Orap Treatment of Tourette syndrome
Pioglitazone Actos Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Piroxicam Feldene Pain and inflammation relief
Pitavastatin Livalo Treatment of elevated cholesterol levels
Pitolisant Wakix Treatment of narcolepsy
Prasugrel Efient Prevention of thrombosis
Pravastatin Pravachol Treatment of elevated cholesterol levels
Prilocaine Citanest Local anesthesia
Primaquine Malarone Prevention and treatment of malaria
Probenecide Probenecide Maintenance treatment for gout
Propafenone Rytmonorm Treatment of cardiac arrhythmias
Propranolol Inderal, Dociton Treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris
Protriptyline Vivactil Treatment of depression
Q.
Quetiapine Seroquel Treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
R.
Rabeprazole Pariet Treatment of GERD
Raltegravir Isentress Treatment of HIV infection
Ranolazine Ranexa Treatment of angina pectoris
Rasburicase Fasturtec Treatment of tumor lysis syndrome
Ribavirin Copegus, Rebetol Chronic hepatitis C
Rimegepant Nurtec ODT Treatment of migraine attacks
Risperidone Risperdal Treatment of schizophrenia
Romiplostim Nplate Thrombocytopenia in ITP
Ropivacaine Naropin Local or regional anesthesia
Rosiglitazone Avandia Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Rosuvastatin Crestor Treatment of elevated cholesterol levels
Rucaparib Rubraca Treatment of ovarian cancer
S.
Sacituzumab govitecan Trodelvy Treatment of metastatic breast cancer
Sertindole Serdolect Treatment of schizophrenia
SertralineZoloftTreatment of depression
Sevoflurane Sevorane Inhalation anesthesia
Simeprevir Olysio Treatment of hepatitis C
Simvastatin Zocor Treatment of elevated cholesterol levels
Siponimod Mayzent Treatment of multiple sclerosis
Sofosbuvir Sovaldi Treatment of hepatitis C
Sufentanil
Strong pain relief
Sulfadiazine
Treatment of bacterial infections
Sulfamethoxazole Bactrim, Septra Treatment of bacterial infections
Sulfasalazine Salazopyrin Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and IBD
Sulfisoxazole
Treatment of bacterial infections
Suxamethonium Anectine Muscle relaxant during anesthesia
Synthetic conjugated estrogens Premarin Hormone replacement therapy
T.
TacrolimusPrografPrevention of organ rejection
Tafenoquine Krintafel Prevention and treatment of malaria
TamoxifenNolvadexTreatment of breast cancer
Tamsulosin Flomax Treatment of BPH
Tegafur
Treatment of colorectal cancer
Telaprevir Incivo Treatment of hepatitis C
Tenoxicam Mobiflex Pain and inflammation relief
Terbinafine Lamisil Treatment of fungal infections
Tetrabenazine Xenazine Treatment of Huntington’s disease
Tetracaine Pontocaine Local anaesthesia
Thioguanine Lanvis Treatment of leukemia
Thioridazine Mellaril Treatment of schizophrenia
Tibolone Livial Hormone replacement therapy
Ticagrelor Brilique Prevention of thrombosis
Tolazamide Tolinase Treatment of type 2 diabetes
Tolbutamide Orinase Treatment of type 2 diabetes
Tolterodine Detrusitol Treatment of overactive bladder
Tramadol Ultram, Tramal Moderate to severe pain
Trimipramine Surmontil Treatment of depression
Tropisetron Navoban Treatment of nausea caused by chemotherapy
U
Umeclidinium Incruse Ellipta Treatment of COPD
Upadacitinib Rinvoq Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
V.
Valbenazine Ingrezza Treatment of tardive dyskinesia
Venlafaxine Effexor XR Treatment of depression and anxiety
Viloxazine Qelbree Treatment of ADHD
Vincristine Oncovin Treatment of leukemia and other cancers
Voriconazole Vfend Treatment of fungal infections
Vortioxetine Brintellix Treatment of depression and anxiety
W
Warfarin Coumadin, Marevan Prevention of thrombosis and embolism
Z
Zuclopenthixol Cisordinol Treatment of schizophrenia and other psychoses
[1] The Royal Dutch Society for the Advancement of Pharmacy (KNMP) is the professional organization for pharmacists in the Netherlands. The KNMP works with the Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG) to develop guidelines for pharmacogenetics in the Netherlands. When determining the correct dose of medication for a patient, pharmacists in the Netherlands can use the KNMP’s dosage recommendations. This advice is specifically based on a person’s genetic information. For medications that are not marked in green, pharmacists can still find appropriate advice. This advice is then based on guidelines that are used worldwide. In this way, we ensure that everyone receives the most effective dose of medication, based on their unique genetic information.
